Statistics II

Subject

This course builds on the knowledge and skills acquired in the course “Statistics I” and contribute to the acquisition of advanced and highly specialized knowledge in the scientific field of Statistics. 

1. Correlation and Regression: the fundamental difference between correlation and regression, scatter diagram for investigating the relation between two variables, the Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients for measuring linear and monotonic relation respectively and their interpretations, simple linear regression and model specification, interpretation of the regression coefficient, point estimation of the parameters using the method of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), the standard errors of the estimators, the elasticity of the dependent variable with respect to the explanatory variable, the classical assumptions for “best” estimators using OLS, interval estimation and hypotheses testing, Analysis of Variance for the fit of the model, the coefficient of determination, point and interval estimation and prediction of the individual and mean value of the dependent variable for a given value of the independent variable, diagnostic checking for departures from the classical assumptions using graphical methods.
2. Design & Analysis of Experiments: the principles of experimentation (experimental units and error, repetition, randomization, blocking and experimental design), the Analysis of Variance and multiple comparisons of means (with the Bonferroni procedure and Tukey’s HSD method) for the completely randomized design, the randomized complete block design, the latin square design, the factorial design, the factorial design in randomized blocks and the split-plot design.
3. Time Series Analysis: the components of the series (trend, seasonality, cycle and irregularities) and the multiplicative model, estimation of the components of the series, seasonal indices, forecasting with the method of Exponential Smoothing.

Educational Aims

This course builds on the knowledge and skills acquired in the course “Statistics I” and contribute to the acquisition of advanced and highly specialized knowledge in the scientific field of Statistics.  It aims at presenting and understanding by students the concepts of dependence, correlation, design and analysis of experiments and time series analysis as well as their application to real data.

By the end of this course the student will be able to:

• understand the concepts of dependence, correlation, design and analysis of experiments and time series analysis
• apply the former concepts to real problems from the field of economic and agronomic sciences, but also from their everyday life
• know in-depth the basic theoretical knowledge about the subject
• use knowledge and understanding acquired in a manner that indicates a professional approach to their  work or profession
• have competences typically demonstrated by developing and supporting arguments and solving problems within their field of knowledge
• communicate information, ideas, problems and solutions to both specialist and non-specialist public
• develop knowledge acquisition skills needed to continue to post graduate studies with a high degree of autonomy
• gather and interpret relevant data (in their knowledge field) to form judgments that include reflection on relevant scientific issues 

Student Evaluation

Written examination after the end of the semester (100%) including:

• Multiple-choice questions
• Solving correlation and regression problems
• Solving design & analysis of experiments problems
• Solving time series analysis problems
• Benchmarking theory elements

Bibliography

1. Ι. Κουτρουβέλης, Εφαρμοσμένες Πιθανότητες και Στατιστική, Εκδόσεις Κ. Γκότσης & ΣΙΑ Ο.Ε., Έκδοση 2η, 2015.
2. Χ. Ζαχαροπούλου, Στατιστική Τόμος B’, Εκδόσεις «Σοφία» Ανώνυμη Εκδοτική & Εμπορική Εταιρεία, Έκδοση 3η, 2010. 
3. Gerald, K., Στατιστική για Οικονομικά και Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων, Επίκεντρο, Θεσσαλονίκη 2010  (in Greek).
4. Γναρδέλλης, Χ., Εφαρμοσμένη Στατιστική, Παπαζήση, Αθήνα 2003 (in Greek).
5. Πανάρετος, Ι. και Ξεκαλάκη, Ε., Εισαγωγή στη Στατιστική Σκέψη, Τόμος ΙΙΙ, Αθήνα 2000 (in Greek).
6. Χαλικιάς, Ι., Στατιστική (μέθοδοι ανάλυσης για επιχειρηματικές αποφάσεις), Rosili, Αθήνα 2010 (in Greek).
7. Χατζηνικολάου, Δ., Στατιστική για Οικονομολόγους, Printshop, Ιωάννινα 2003 (in Greek).